15 June 2015
A Roman Court does not operate according to any true rule of law, but by presumptions of the law. Therefore, if presumptions presented by the private Bar Guild are not rebutted they become fact and are therefore said to stand true [Or as truth in commerce.] There are twelve (12) key presumptions asserted by the private Bar Guilds which if unchallenged stand true being Public Record, Public Service, Public Oath, Immunity, Summons, Custody, Court of Guardians, Court of Trustees, Government as Executor/Beneficiary, Executor De Son Tort, Incompetence, and Guilt :
Public Record
1. The Presumption of Public Record is that any matter brought before a lower Roman Courts is a matter for the public record when in fact it is presumed by the members of the private Bar Guild that the matter is a private Bar Guild business matter. Unless openly rebuked and rejected by stating clearly the matter is to be on the Public Record, the matter remains a private Bar Guild matter completely under private Bar Guild rules.
Public Service
2. The Presumption of Public Service is that all the members of the Private Bar Guild who have all sworn a solemn secret absolute oath to their Guild then act as public agents of the Government, or public officials by making additional oaths of public office that openly and deliberately contradict their private superior oaths to their own Guild. Unless openly rebuked and rejected, the claim stands that these private Bar Guild members are legitimate public servants and therefore trustees under public oath.
Public Oath
3. The Presumption of Public Oath is that all members of the Private Bar Guild acting in the capacity of public officials who have sworn a solemn public oath remain bound by that oath and therefore bound to serve honestly, impartiality and fairly as dictated by their oath. Unless openly challenged and demanded, the presumption stands that the Private Bar Guild members have functioned under their public oath in contradiction to their Guild oath. If challenged, such individuals must recuse themselves as having a conflict of interest and cannot possibly stand under a public oath.
Immunity
4. The Presumption of Immunity is that key members of the Private Bar Guild in the capacity of public officials acting as judges, prosecutors and magistrates who have sworn a solemn public oath in good faith are immune from personal claims of injury and liability. Unless openly challenged and their oath demanded, the presumption stands that the members of the Private Bar Guild as public trustees acting as judges, prosecutors and magistrates are immune from any personal accountability for their actions
Summons
5. The Presumption of Summons is that by custom a summons unrebutted stands and therefore one who attends Court is presumed to accept a position (defendant, juror, witness) and jurisdiction of the court. Attendance to court is usually invitation by summons. Unless the summons is rejected and returned, with a copy of the rejection filed prior to choosing to visit or attend, jurisdiction and position as the accused and the existence of guilt stands
Custody
6. The Presumption of Custody is that by custom a summons or warrant for arrest unrebutted stands and therefore one who attends Court is presumed to be a thing and therefore liable to be detained in custody by Custodians. [This includes the dead legal fiction non-human PERSON that corporate-governments rules and regulations are written for.*] Custodians may only lawfully hold custody of property and things not flesh and blood soul possessing beings. Unless this presumption is openly challenged by rejection of summons and/or at court, the presumption stands you are a thing and property and therefore lawfully able to be kept in custody by custodians
Court of Guardians
7. The Presumption of Court of Guardians is the presumption that as you may be listed as a resident of a ward of a local government area and have listed on your passport the letter P, you are a pauper and therefore under the Guardian powers of the government and its agents as a Court of Guardians. Unless this presumption is openly challenged to demonstrate you are both a general guardian and general executor of the matter (trust) before the court, the presumption stands and you are by default a pauper, and lunatic and therefore must obey the rules of the clerk of guardians (clerk of magistrates court)
Court of Trustees
8. The Presumption of Court of Trustees is that members of the Private Bar Guild presume you accept the office of trustee as a public servant and government employee just by attending a Roman Court, as such Courts are always for public trustees by the rules of the Guild and the Roman System. Unless this presumption is openly challenged to state you are merely visiting by invitation to clear up the matter and you are not a government employee or public trustee in this instance, the presumption stands and is assumed as one of the most significant reasons to claim jurisdiction simply because you appeared
Dual Role
9. The Presumption of Government acting in two roles as Executor and Beneficiary is that for the matter at hand, the Private Bar Guild appoint the judge/magistrate in the capacity of Executor while the Prosecutor acts in the capacity of Beneficiary of the trust for the current matter. Unless this presumption is openly challenged to demonstrate you are both a general guardian and general executor of the matter (trust) before the court, the presumption stands and you are by default the trustee, therefore must obey the rules of the executor (judge/magistrate)
False Executor
10. The Presumption of Executor De Son Tort is the presumption that if the accused does seek to assert their right as Executor and Beneficiary over their body, mind and soul they are acting as an Executor De Son Tort or a false executor challenging the rightful judge as Executor. Therefore, the judge/magistrate assumes the role of true executor and has the right to have you arrested, detained, fined or forced into a psychiatric evaluation. Unless this presumption is openly challenged by not only asserting one’s position as Executor as well as questioning if the judge or magistrate is seeking to act as Executor De Son Tort, the presumption stands and a judge or magistrate of the private Bar guild may seek to assistance of bailiffs or sheriffs to assert their false claim
Incompetence
11. The Presumption of Incompetence is the presumption that you are at least ignorant of the law, therefore incompetent to present yourself and argue properly. Therefore, the judge/magistrate as executor has the right to have you arrested, detained, fined or forced into a psychiatric evaluation. Unless this presumption is openly challenged to the fact that you know your position as executor and beneficiary and actively rebuke and object to any contrary presumptions, then it stands by the time of pleading that you are incompetent then the judge or magistrate can do what they need to keep you obedient
Guilt
12. The Presumption of Guilt is the presumption that as it is presumed to be a private business meeting of the Bar Guild, you are guilty whether you plead guilty do not plead or plead not guilty. Therefore unless you either have previously prepared an affidavit of truth and motion to dismiss with extreme prejudice onto the public record or call a demurrer, then the presumption is you are guilty and the private Bar Guild can hold you until a bond is prepared to guarantee the amount the guild wants to profit from you.
Expanded
ARE YOU A PAUPER? (Dog Latin)
Are you a pauper? (Descriptive English)
Pauper : Legal Definition
An impoverished person who is supported at public expense; an indigent litigant who is permitted to sue or defend without paying costs; an impoverished criminal defendant who has a right to receive legal services without charge. The statutes of the several states make ample provisions for the support of the poor.
This description means that we are all Paupers as we all accept the benefit priveleges of the Parish or State. We are eligible for Welfare, Taxation, Pension, Imprisonment, Bills, Fines and Charges, even Legal Aid (if we can get it).
Therefore we are all supported at Public Expense.
The assumptions made through The Poor Laws of the 1600s made us a Ward of the Parish and also Paupers.
This assumption carries on to this day with the Birth Certificate and the “P” on your passport. Check the “type” on your passport and the P is an update and still means Pauper.
The Home Office when asked do not know what the P stands for (they stated it stood for Electronically Readable Passport even though it still says P on pre electronic readable passports, other reports stated that it stood for Personal)
The historical origins of the Settlement Certificate were the updated Passport and National Insurance Number and now Universal credit and ID rolled into one.
A Certificate of Settlement from 1662 (by 1836 known as A Birth Certificate) had to be carried and if the carrier was vagrant or unable to find work they would be forced by the Parish to wear a band with P on their right arm. They could then enjoy the benefits of the Workhouse.
The first Poor Law Act was in 1535
“All governors of shires, cities, towns, hundreds, hamlets and parishes, shall find and keep every aged, poor and impotent person, which was born or dwelt three years within the same limit, by way of voluntary and charitable alms in every of the same cities and parishes, and with such convenient alms as shall be thought meet by their discretion, so as none of them shall be compelled to go openly in begging.
“And also shall compel every sturdy vagabond to be kept in continual labour.”
“Children under 14 years of age, and above 5, that live in idleness, and be taken to begging, may be put to service by the governors of cities, towns, and to husbandry or other crafts or labours.
“A valiant beggar, or sturdy vagabond, shall at the first time be whipped and sent to the place where he was born or last dwelled by the space of three years, there to get his living; and if he continue his roguish life, he shall have the upper part of the gristle of his right ear cut off.
“And if after that he be taken wandering in idleness, or doth not apply to his labour, or is not in service with any matter, he shall be adjudged and executed as a felon….”
The poor were considered default property of the church.
The puppet King Charles II of England furthered the Poor Laws and The Settlement and Poor Relief Acts of 1662 saw the issuing of Settlement Certificates.
These were equivalent to a birth certificate, passport and social security number in one document.
Poor Laws
A child’s birthplace was its place of settlement, unless its mother had a settlement certificate from some other parish stating that the unborn child was included on the certificate. After the age of 7 the child could be apprenticed and gain a settlement for itself through indentured service’
Under the Settlement Act (1662) and Poor Relief Act (1662), it was
forbidden to move from town to town without the appropriate “Settlement Certificate”. The Pauper could be examined and allowed to stay if he could support himself or be Removed.
The Poor Relief Act 1662
It was an Act for the Better Relief of the Poor of this Kingdom and is also known as the Settlement Act or, more honestly, the Settlement and Removal Act. The purpose of the Act was to establish the parish to which a person belonged (i.e. his/her place of “settlement”), and hence clarify which parish was responsible for him should he become in need of Poor Relief (or “chargeable” to the parish poor rates). This was the first occasion when a document proving domicile became statutory: these were called “settlement certificates”.
It gave a newcomer to a parish the right to a “settlement” and thus the right to poor relief — in any place where he had lived unchallenged for forty days. During this period, following complaint to the churchwardens, he could be ordered back to his place of last settlement, unless he was renting a property worth £10 a year. The upholding of this law, and its subsequent amendments, which only finally disappeared in 1948, led to more confusion, argument, and profits for the legal profession, than virtually any other piece of legislation. The law of Settlement has been described as possibly one of the worst laws ever passed by a British Parliament.
After 1662, if a man left his settled parish to move elsewhere, he had to take his Settlement Certificate, which guaranteed that his home parish would pay for his “removal” costs (from the host parish) back to his home if he needed poor relief. As parishes were often unwilling to issue such certificates people often stayed where they were – knowing that in an emergency they would be entitled to their parish’s poor rate.
The 1662 Act stipulated that if a poor person (that is, resident of a tenancy with a taxable value less than £10 per year, who did not fall under the other protected categories) remained in the parish for forty days of undisturbed residency, he could acquire “settlement rights” in that parish.
However, within those forty days, upon any local complaint, two Justice of The Peace officers coud return the Pauper to their home Parish. Some benevolent JPs instructed them to remain hidden for forty days before revealing themselves.
This loophole was closed with the 1685 act (1 Jam II c.17) which required new arrivals to register with parish authorities. But sympathetic parish officers often hid the registration, and did not reveal the presence of new arrivals until the required residency period was over. As a result, the law was further tightened in 1692 (3 & 4 Will Mar, c.11), and parish officers were obliged to publicly publish arrival registrations in writing in the local church Sunday circular, and read to the congregation, and that the forty days would only start counting from thereon.
The Settlement Laws benefited the owners of large estates who controlled housing. Some land owners demolished empty housing in order to reduce the population of their lands and prevent people from returning. It was also common to recruit labourers from neighbouring parishes so that they could easily be sacked. Magistrates could order parishes to grant poor relief. However, often the magistrates were landowners and therefore unlikely to make relief orders that would increase poor rates.
Gain settlement in a parish a person had to meet at least one of the following conditions :
⦁ Be born into the parish.
⦁ Have lived in the parish for forty consecutive days without complaint.
⦁ Be hired for over a year and a day that takes place within the parish – (this led to short lengths of hire so that settlement was not obtained).
⦁ Hold an office in the parish.
⦁ Rent a property worth £10 per year or pay the same in taxes.
⦁ Have married into the parish.
⦁ Gained poor relief in that parish previously.
Have a seven-year apprenticeship with a settled resident.
The Settlement Act was repealed in 1834 (under the terms of the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834, which introduced the Union Workhouse), although not fully. The concept of parish settlement has been characterised as “incompatible with the newly developing industrial system”, because it hindered internal migration to factory towns.
The Act was intended to curb the cost of poor relief, and address abuses of the old system, prevalent in southern agricultural counties, by enabling a new system to be brought in under which relief would only be given in the workhouses, the awful conditions of which would deter most paupers from entering.
The above information has authority from this reality : UNIDROIT
Further Study
Code of Canon Law
Canonum De Ius Positivum
Understanding The Jurisdictions Of Court
English Law