If we look at the meaning of Dwelling in the Local Government Finance Act 1992, section 3 of the act says;

3 Meaning of dwelling

(1)This section has effect for determining what is a dwelling for the purposes of this Part.

(2) Subject to the following provisions of this section, a dwelling is any property

(a) by virtue of the definition of hereditament in section 115(1) of the M1General Rate Act 1967, would have been a hereditament for the purposes of that Act if that Act remained in force; and

(b) is not for the time being shown or required to be shown in a local or a central non-domestic rating list in force at that time; and

(c) is not for the time being exempt from local non-domestic rating for the purposes of Part III of the M2Local Government Finance Act 1988 (the 1988 Act);

If we now look at the interpretation of the wordhereditament in the General Rate Act 1967 (GRA 1967).

115 Interpretation

(1) In this Act, except where the context otherwise requires, the following expressions have the following meanings respectively, that is to say

agricultural land has the meaning assigned by section 26(3) of this Act;

charges in Part VI of this Act, includes fees and expenses;

clerk, in relation to any authority or body, includes any officer of the authority or body authorised by them to act on their behalf either generally or in relation to any particular matter;

the Commissioners means the Commissioners of Inland Revenue;

dwelling-house means a hereditament which, in accordance with Schedule 13 to this Act, is used wholly for the purposes of a private dwelling or private dwellings

(3) A hereditament which

(a) is a composite hereditament for the purposes of Part III of the 1988 Act; and

(b) would still be such a hereditament if paragraphs (b) to (d) of section 66(1) of that Act (domestic property) were omitted, is also, subject to subsection (6) below, a dwelling for the purposes of this Part.

(4) Subject to subsection (6) below, none of the following property, namely

(a) a yard, garden, outhouse or other appurtenance belonging to or enjoyed with property used wholly for the purposes of living accommodation; or

(b) a private garage which either has a floor area of not more than 25 square metres or is used wholly or mainly for the accommodation of a private motor vehicle; or

(c) private storage premises used wholly or mainly for the storage of articles of domestic use,

is a dwelling except in so far as it forms part of a larger property which is itself a dwelling by virtue of subsection (2) above.

(6) The Secretary of State may by order amend any definition of dwelling which is for the time being effective for the purposes of this Part.

As of today July 2013 this section of the LGFA1992 has not been amended.

If we now look at the above mentioned LGFA 1988 to find the interpretation of hereditament, section 64;

64 Hereditaments.

(1) A hereditament is anything which, by virtue of the definition of hereditament in section 115(1) of the 1967 Act, would have been a hereditament for the purposes of that Act had this Act not been passed.

(2) In addition, a right is a hereditament if it is a right to use any land for the purpose of exhibiting advertisements and

(a) the right is let out or reserved to any person other than the occupier of the land, or

(b) where the land is not occupied for any other purpose, the right is let out or reserved to any person other than the owner of the land.

(3) The Secretary of State may make regulations providing that in prescribed cases

(a) anything which would (apart from the regulations) be one hereditament shall be treated as more than one hereditament;

(b) anything which would (apart from the regulations) be more than one hereditament shall be treated as one hereditament.

[F1(3A) The Secretary of State may make regulations providing that where on any land there are two or more moorings which

(a) are owned by the same person,

(b) are not domestic property, and

(c) are separately occupied, or available for separate occupation, by persons other than that person

(4) A hereditament is a relevant hereditament if it consists of property of any of the following descriptions

(a) lands;

(b) coal mines;

(c) mines of any other description, other than a mine of which the royalty or dues are for the time being wholly reserved in kind;

(8) A hereditament is non-domestic if either

(a)it consists entirely of property which is not domestic, or

(b) it is a composite hereditament.

(9)A hereditament is composite if part only of it consists of domestic property.

(10) A hereditament shall be treated as wholly or mainly used for charitable purposes at any time if at the time it is wholly or mainly used for the sale of goods donated to a charity and the proceeds of sale of the goods (after any deduction of expenses) are applied for the purposes of a charity.

(11) In subsection (2) above land includes a wall or other part of a building and a sign, hoarding, frame, post or other structure erected or to be erected on land.

[F4(12) In subsections (3A) and (3B) above owner in relation to a mooring, means the person who (if the mooring is let) is entitled to receive rent, whether on his own account or as agent or trustee for any other person, or (if the mooring is not let) would be so entitled if the mooring were let, and owned shall be construed accordingly.]

Up until now you may have noticed, no mention of private DOMESTIC property being liable for rating or council tax unless part only is used wholly or mainly for business. We can now see what the LGFA 1988 section 65 says;

65 Owners and occupiers.

(1) The owner of a hereditament or land is the person entitled to possession of it.

(5) A hereditament which is not in use shall be treated as unoccupied if (apart from this subsection) it would be treated as occupied by reason only of there being kept in or on the hereditament plant, machinery or equipment

(a) which was used in or on the hereditament when it was last in use, or

(b) which is intended for use in or on the hereditament.

(6) A hereditament shall be treated as unoccupied if (apart from this subsection) it would be treated as occupied by reason only of

(a) the use of it for the holding of public meetings in furtherance of a person’s candidature at a parliamentary or local government election, or

(b) if it is a house, the use of a room in it by a returning officer for the purpose of taking the poll in a parliamentary or local government election.

(7) In subsection (6) above returning officer shall be construed in accordance with section 24 or 35 of the M1Representation of the People Act 1983 (as the case may be).

(8) A right which is a hereditament by virtue of section 64(2) above shall be treated as occupied by the person for the time being entitled to the right.

[F2(8A) In a case where

(a) land consisting of a hereditament is used (permanently or temporarily) for the exhibition of advertisements or for the erection of a structure used for the exhibition of advertisements,

(b) section 64(2) above does not apply, and

(c) apart from this subsection, the hereditament is not occupied,

the hereditament shall be treated as occupied by the person permitting it to be so used or, if that person cannot be ascertained, its owner.]

Again no mention of DOMESTIC property. We now consider the ‘interpretation of domestic property in the LGFA 1988 section 66;

66 Domestic property.

(1) [F1Subject to subsections (2), (2B) and 2E below], property is domestic if 

(a) it is used wholly for the purposes of living accommodation,

(b) it is a yard, garden, outhouse or other appurtenance belonging to or enjoyed with property falling within paragraph (a) above,

(c) it is a private garage [F2which either has a floor area of 25 square metres or less or is] used wholly or mainly for the accommodation of a private motor vehicle, or

(d) it is private storage premises used wholly or mainly for the storage of articles of domestic use.

[F3(2) Property is not domestic property if it is wholly or mainly used in the course of a business for the provision of short-stay accommodation, that is to say accommodation 

(a) which is provided for short periods to individuals whose sole or main residence is elsewhere, and

(b) which is not self-contained self-catering accommodation provided commercially.

(2B) A building or self-contained part of a building is not domestic property if 

(a) the relevant person intends that, in the year beginning with the end of the day in relation to which the question is being considered, the whole of the building or self-contained part will be available for letting commercially, as self-catering accommodation, for short periods totalling 140 days or more, and

(b) on that day his interest in the building or part is such as to enable him to let it for such periods.

(2C) For the purposes of subsection (2B) the relevant person is 

(a) where the property in question is a building and is not subject as a whole to a relevant leasehold interest, the person having the freehold interest in the whole of the building; and

(b) in any other case, any person having a relevant leasehold interest in the building or self-contained part which is not subject (as a whole) to a single relevant leasehold interest inferior to his interest.

(2D) Subsection (2B) above does not apply where the building or self-contained part is used as the sole or main residence of any person F5. . .]

[F6(2E) Property is not domestic property if it is timeshare accommodation within the meaning of the Timeshare Act 1992.]

[F7(3) Subsection (1) above does not apply in the case of a pitch occupied by a caravan, but if in such a case the caravan is the sole or main residence of an individual, the pitch and the caravan, together with any garden, yard, outhouse or other appurtenance belonging to or enjoyed with them, are domestic property]

[F8(4) Subsection (1) above does not apply in the case of a mooring occupied by a boat, but if in such a case the boat is the sole or main residence of an individual, the mooring and the boat, together with any garden, yard, outhouse or other appurtenance belonging to or enjoyed with them, are domestic property.

(4A) Subsection (3) or (4) above does not have effect in the case of a pitch occupied by a caravan, or a mooring occupied by a boat, which is an appurtenance enjoyed with other property to which subsection (1) (a) above applies]

(5) Property not in use is domestic if it appears that when next in use it will be domestic.

(6 ) F9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(7) Whether anything is a caravan shall be construed in accordance with Part I of the M1Caravan Sites and Control of Development Act 1960.

(8 ) F9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[F10(8A) In this section

business includes

(a) any activity carried on by a body of persons, whether corporate or unincorporate, and

(b) any activity carried on by a charity;

commercially means on a commercial basis, and with a view to the realisation of profits; and

relevant leasehold interest means an interest under a lease or underlease which was granted for a term of 6 months or more and conferred the right to exclusive possession throughout the term.]

(9) The Secretary of State may by order amend, or substitute another definition for, any definition of domestic property for the time being effective for the purposes of this Part.

As of today July 2013 this section of the LGFA1992 has not been amended.

We now consider the interpretations given within the LGFA 1988 section 67;

67 Interpretation: other provisions.

(1) Unless the context otherwise requires, references to lists are to local and central non-domestic rating lists.

(2) Unless the context otherwise requires, references to valuation officers are to valuation officers for [F1billing authorities]and the central valuation officer.

(3) A right or other property is a hereditament on a particular day if (and only if) it is a hereditament immediately before the day ends.

(4) A hereditament is relevant, non-domestic, composite, unoccupied or wholly or partly occupied on a particular day if (and only if) it is relevant, non-domestic, composite, unoccupied or wholly or partly occupied (as the case may be) immediately before the day ends.

(5) For the purpose of deciding the extent (if any) to which a hereditament consists of domestic property on a particular day, [F2or is a Crown hereditament on a particular day,] or is exempt from local non-domestic rating on a particular day, the state of affairs existing immediately before the day ends shall be treated as having existed throughout the day.

[F3(5A) In subsection (5) above Crown hereditament has the same meaning as in section 65A above.]

(6) A person is the owner, or in occupation of all or part, of a hereditament on a particular day if (and only if) he is its owner or in such occupation (as the case may be) immediately before the day ends.

(7) A relevant provision applies on a particular day if (and only if) it applies immediately before the day ends; and for this purpose relevant provisions are sections 43(6), 45(6) and 47(2) above.

(8) For the purpose of deciding what is shown in a list for a particular day the state of the list as it has effect immediately before the day ends shall be treated as having been its state throughout the day; and effect here includes any effect which is retrospective by virtue of an alteration of the list.

(9)A hereditament shall be treated as shown in a central non-domestic rating list for a day if on the day it falls within a class of hereditament shown for the day in the list; and for this purpose a hereditament falls within a class on a particular day if (and only if) it falls within the class immediately before the day ends.

[F4(9A) In subsection (9) above class means a class expressed by reference to whether hereditaments

(a )are occupied or owned by a person designated under section 53(1) above, and

(b) fall within any description prescribed in relation to him under section 53(1).

(10) A charity is an institution or other organisation established for charitable purposes only or any persons administering a trust established for charitable purposes only.

(11) The M11967 Act is the General Rate Act 1967.

(12) Nothing in a private or local Act passed before this Act shall have the effect that a hereditament is exempt as regards non-domestic rating, or prevent a person being subject to a non-domestic rate, or prevent a person being designated or a description of hereditament being prescribed under section 53 above.

(13) This section and sections 64 to 66 above apply for the purposes of this Part.

If we are not mistaken it would appear that the only property liable to Council Tax is a Dwelling and a Dwelling is not Domestic Property, a Dwelling, it would appear is a hereditament.

The above are not my opinions they are the LAW as it is interpreted by Parliamentarians, Judges, the Courts and all agents of the Government including Bolton Council.

In consideration of the above facts we the inhabitants of the Borough expect you the elected representatives to give this matter your full and undivided attention. In ascertaining whether inhabitants of the Borough residing in domestic properties should be forced to contribute towards the council’s coffers. Forced by way of a tax on the inhabitants of the Borough who are not obliged by law to contribute.

Interpretations;

hereditament means property which is or may become liable to a rate, being a unit of such property which is, or would fall to be, shown as a separate item in the valuation list;

profits basis, in relation to the valuation of a hereditament, means the ascertainment of the value of that hereditament by reference to the accounts, receipts or profits of an undertaking carried on therein;

If we are not mistaken forcing inhabitants to pay for this insidious TAX is, dare we say it, SLAVERY. For councils to have taken by force from ignorant, yes IGNORANT, people for 20 years without once letting up on the pressure to pay. To strip people of their property, to drive them from their homes, to steal unpaid money from wages and benefits and to send non-payers to prison for failing to pay is, lets be honest, just EVIL. Many of these victims could not pay, not would not pay.

So Mr. MP., Mr. Councillor, Mr. Judge, Mr. Policeman where do we go from here, do you do your job or do we do it for you?

All of the above can and should be checked.

All of the above can be found on-line at Legislation .gov.uk and do check out

Part III of the M2Local Government Finance Act 1988

There you will find many more definitions of HEREDITAMENT

Further Study
The Legal Persona
British Law